Asia

  • The EU’s engagement in the Indo-Pacific: from bilateral to multilateral?

    The Indo-Pacific has become central to the European Union’s economic security and geopolitical future, as its trade routes and defence-industrial supply chains are increasingly shaped by Sino–US rivalry. Therefore, the EU has adopted an Indo-Pacific strategy and has expanded its presence. However, a gap persists between ambition and capacity. EU-level initiatives remain largely limited to…

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  • Addressing India’s structural dependence on China

    As one of the world’s fastest-growing economies, India aspires to become a global manufacturing hub, thus reducing its reliance on external actors, particularly China. In 2020, Indian Prime Minister Modi launched India’s Atmanirbhar Bharat program (Self Reliant India), to reduce foreign dependence and promote domestic production in strategic sectors. Theoretically, this should result in a…

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  • When integration does not follow interdependence

    An overlook on the weakening of global governance An overlook on the weakening of global governance The international discourse on globalisation has completely changed direction over the beginning of the 21st century. Not even twenty years ago the question was how do we tame globalization, whereas in the current geo-economic (dis)order, the main concern is…

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