Europe

  • The EU’s engagement in the Indo-Pacific: from bilateral to multilateral?

    The Indo-Pacific has become central to the European Union’s economic security and geopolitical future, as its trade routes and defence-industrial supply chains are increasingly shaped by Sino–US rivalry. Therefore, the EU has adopted an Indo-Pacific strategy and has expanded its presence. However, a gap persists between ambition and capacity. EU-level initiatives remain largely limited to…

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  • The EU dual-use dilemma: balancing openness, security and competitiveness

    This paper situates dual-use technologies at the core of the EU’s security–competitiveness agenda, among intensifying great power competition. It traces the shift from a defence-led to a civilian-led innovation model and argues that rapid civil–military convergence makes the binary ‘dual-use’ terminology no longer sufficient, pointing toward an ‘omni-use’ reality.

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  • When integration does not follow interdependence

    An overlook on the weakening of global governance An overlook on the weakening of global governance The international discourse on globalisation has completely changed direction over the beginning of the 21st century. Not even twenty years ago the question was how do we tame globalization, whereas in the current geo-economic (dis)order, the main concern is…

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